dsDNA Specific Neutra™ Antibody Products

Introduction to dsDNA

Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) is a fundamental biomolecule present in all cellular life forms and many viruses. In humans, nuclear DNA exists primarily as dsDNA, while mitochondrial DNA adopts a compact, circular dsDNA form. Its stability and sequence specificity make it a critical target for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, particularly in autoimmune disorders.

• Structural Characteristics

The dsDNA helix is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs (A-T and G-C) and hydrophobic interactions within the stacked bases. Major and minor grooves provide distinct binding sites for proteins, antibodies, and small molecules. Under physiological conditions, helical twist, base pair tilt, and groove dimensions vary dynamically, influencing molecular recognition. Pathological conditions, such as oxidative stress or UV exposure, can induce structural anomalies like base mismatches or strand breaks, triggering immune responses.

Fig. 1 Schematic representation of A- and B- forms of dsDNA structure.¹

• Related Signaling Pathways

Aberrant recognition of dsDNA by the innate immune system activates cytosolic sensors (e.g., cGAS-STING) and endosomal Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). These pathways induce type I interferon (IFN) production, fueling chronic inflammation in autoimmune diseases. Additionally, dsDNA-antibody immune complexes activate complement cascades and Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis, exacerbating tissue damage.

• Disease Relevance

Anti-dsDNA antibodies are hallmarks of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), where they contribute to glomerulonephritis, cutaneous lesions, and neuropsychiatric manifestations. Elevated dsDNA antibody titers correlate with disease activity, making them critical biomarkers. Beyond SLE, these antibodies are implicated in Sjögren's syndrome, drug-induced lupus, and hepatitis B-associated vasculitis.

Applications of Anti-dsDNA Neutralizing Antibodies

• Diagnostic Precision in Autoimmune Diseases

Anti-dsDNA antibodies are gold-standard biomarkers for SLE diagnosis. Neutralizing variants improve assay specificity, reducing false positives from ssDNA cross-reactivity. Quantitative ELISA kits incorporating these antibodies enable precise monitoring of disease flares.

Fig. 2 Comparison of two anti-dsDNA antibody assays for SLE.²

• Mechanistic Insights into Pathogenesis

Neutralizing antibodies facilitate studies on dsDNA-mediated immune activation. Applications include:

-In vitro modeling: Blocking dsDNA-cGAS interactions to dissect IFN signaling.

-In vivo studies: Administering neutralizing antibodies in lupus-prone mice to assess renal protection.

• Therapeutic Development

By sequestering pathogenic dsDNA, neutralizing antibodies prevent immune complex deposition in tissues. Preclinical studies demonstrate their efficacy in reducing glomerular inflammation and skin lesions. They are also being explored as adjuvants to enhance B-cell-targeted therapies.

Our Anti-dsDNA Antibody Products

Creative Biolabs' anti-dsDNA neutra™ antibody products are engineered for unmatched specificity and reliability in autoimmune research and therapeutic development. Our portfolio includes carefully verified monoclonal and recombinant antibodies optimized for ELISA, neutralization assays. Neutralizing anti-dsDNA antibodies specifically bind conformational epitopes on helical dsDNA, blocking pathogenic immune complex formation. Key features include:

-High specificity: Engineered to avoid cross-reactivity with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or nucleoprotein complexes.

-Functional validation: Verified in ELISA, immunofluorescence, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays.

-Therapeutic potential: Neutralizing antibodies inhibit IFN-α secretion in plasmacytoid dendritic cells, offering a pathway to dampen autoimmune responses.

Contact our scientific team to explore custom solutions for your project.

REFERENCES

1. Serec, Kristina, et al. "Conformational transitions of double-stranded DNA in thin films." Applied Sciences 11.5 (2021): 2360. Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11052360
2. Bauer, Claus-Juergen, et al. "Comparative analysis of contemporary anti-double stranded DNA antibody assays for systemic lupus erythematosus." Frontiers in Immunology 14 (2023): 1305865. Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0. The image was modified by extracting and using only part of the original image. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1305865