Neutralizing Antibody

Creative Biolabs has already forged a spectrum of advanced and mature platforms dedicated to the exploration and development of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) for our esteemed clientele. Our cutting-edge antibody platforms encompass:

Overview of NAbs

NAbs stand as formidable defenders, playing a crucial role in shielding cells from the onslaught of pathogens. Originating from B-cells in the bone marrow, these antibodies form an integral part of the immune response, with their production triggered by both infections and vaccinations. Notably, NAbs have the potential to confer lifelong immunity against specific infections, serving as indicators of immune status following recovery from an infectious episode.

Fig.1 Humoral immune response profiles in SARS-CoV-2 infections: onset and persistence of NAbs.¹

On a mechanistic level, NAbs exhibit dual capabilities in thwarting pathogenic threats. Firstly, they can impede a pathogen's entry into the body by influencing the molecular interactions on the pathogen's surface that facilitate cellular invasion. Secondly, these antibodies act as sentinels, preventing pathogens from undergoing conformational changes essential for cellular entry and replication. In the realm of bacterial infections, NAbs showcase their versatility by blocking the deleterious effects of toxins. The intricate interplay of NAbs thus unveils a sophisticated defense strategy, highlighting their pivotal role in immune surveillance and response.

Mechanisms of NAbs in Host Defense against Pathogens

NAbs play a pivotal role in facilitating virus clearance and conferring protection against specific viruses. Their effectiveness stems from various mechanisms, such as:

Impeding virion binding to receptors.
Obstructing virus entry into host cells.
Hindering viral genome uncoating within endosomes.
Inducing aggregation of viral particles.

Applications of NAbs

Harnessing passive immunization for immediate protection:

One prevalent medical application of NAbs lies in passive immunization, a process where individuals lacking immunity to a disease receive antibodies from those already immune. Although this conferred protection is temporary, it provides immediate defense against infections. Natural transmission of passive immunity occurs through breastfeeding during the initial months of a baby's life.

Harnessing NAbs in active immunization:

Active immunization, as employed in vaccination, capitalizes on the induction of NAbs. Vaccines are intricately formulated to emulate a natural immune response by introducing an active specimen, such as a virus, bacterium, or a specific component thereof, into the body.

The specific targeting of a virus by NAbs offers a formidable defense, preventing the infection of host cells. This can be achieved by obstructing the binding between a specific part of the virus and its corresponding receptor, disrupting the conformational changes in the virus structure, or impeding virus-mediated membrane fusion. These actions collectively result in the inhibition of infection, safeguarding host cells from pathogenic human disorders.

Fig.2 Life cycle dynamics of highly pathogenic human CoVs and targeted NAbs.²

Creative Biolabs pioneers the development of a spectrum of neutralizing antibodies targeting key checkpoints, including PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG3, and TIGIT. Our advanced platforms for neutralizing antibody discovery and detection provide comprehensive solutions. For detailed insights, do not hesitate to reach out to us, as we invite you to delve into the collaborative possibilities where our expertise can catalyze the achievement of your research goals.

REFERENCES

Pang, Natalie Yan-Lin, et al. "Understanding neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and their implications in clinical practice." Military medical research 8.1 (2021): 1-17.
Jiang, Shibo, Christopher Hillyer, and Lanying Du. "Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and other human coronaviruses." Trends in immunology 41.5 (2020): 355-359.

For research use only, not directly for clinical use.