Neutralizing/Blocking Antibodies

OVERVIEW

Neutralizing Antibodies

Generally speaking, neutralizing antibody (NAb) is an antibody that able to protect the host cell from pathogens by either neutralizing or inhibiting its biological effect. This is achieved by prohibiting interactions between the viral envelope to its host cell receptor or obstructing the release of the viral genome. Studies on NAbs provide a better understanding of humoral immune responses, as well as help researchers to gain insights into the future development of immunotherapeutic.

Creative Biolabs has developed a wide variety of neutralizing antibodies that able to recognize different virus targets and formats. We can provide low endotoxin versions for researchers who want to perform in vivo assay.

MOA of Viral Neutralization

Antibodies neutralize viruses by various mechanisms:

Neutralizing/Blocking Antibodies Fig.1 Modes of viral neutralization[1].
  1. NAbs could bind to an epitope in the viral glycoprotein envelope, inhibiting further attachment to its host cells.
  2. NAbs could bind to host cell receptors by the fab region or coreceptors (FcγR) so that virus cannot pass through.
  3. NAbs could bind to a non-binding region in the virus envelope so that conformational change was inhibited and membrane fusion will not happen.
  4. For some certain viruses that need low endosomal PH for conformational change, NAbs could bind to viral inside the endosome leading to inhibit the change in PH to achieve the membrane fusion. Also, NAbs can inhibit the release of the viral virion.

Blocking Antibodies

Neutralizing/Blocking Antibodies 2 Fig.2 Blockade of checkpoint inhibitors or molecules
promotes NK cell anti-tumor efficacy[2].

For decades, in immunotherapy areas, the development of checkpoint blocking antibodies, such as targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 receptor (PD-1), have demonstrated significant promise in the treatment of malignancies.

Creative Biolabs values the studies on immune checkpoints and has already developed various neutralizing antibodies that target popular checkpoints, including PD-1, CTLA-4, LAG3, TIGIT.

What is more, Creative Biolabs offers a range of blocking antibodies that target popular surface antigens, not only including the common antigens for hematological malignancy such as CD19, CD22, CD38, BCMA, and CS1 but also for solid tumor targets like ERBB2, GD2, MUC1, etc.

For further details, please do not hesitate to contact us and see how we can help you achieve your research goal.

References

  1. Ali MG, Zhang Z, Gao Q, et al. Recent advances in therapeutic applications of neutralizing antibodies for virus infections: an overview. Immunologic Research. 2020 Nov 8:1-5.
  2. Korman AJ, Peggs KS, Allison JP. Checkpoint blockade in cancer immunotherapy. Advances in immunology. 2006 Jan 1;90:297-339.
  3. Zhang, C.; et al. Targeting NK cell checkpoint receptors or molecules for cancer immunotherapy. Frontiers in immunology. 2020, 11, 1295.
For research use only, not directly for clinical use.
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