Autophagy is a key catabolic process that ensures the removal of excess or damaged cellular components under physiological and pathological conditions, and provides a metabolic supply in the absence of extracellular nutrients, thereby maintaining the proper balance of cells. Optimal autophagy activity plays an important protective role in several human diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson's disease, hereditary myopathy, and melanin-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy. Therefore, monitoring autophagy can provide valuable insights into understanding human pathological mechanisms, developing new drugs, and exploring ways to control autophagy.
Creative Biolabs has assembled an extensive collection of anti-autophagy antibodies for autophagy research. These well-selected autophagy-associated antibodies can guarantee all the properties in many popular applications and can be used to study upstream events, autophagy pathways and lysosomal detection.
Fig.1 Overview of the autophagy process. (Subramani S., et al)
Macroautophagy Antibodies
Macroautophagy is the most studied autophagy pathway, which can functionally transport cytoplasmic cargo to lysosomes for digestion. This process is the main mechanism for cell component renewal, involving cell degradation of cytoplasmic proteins, a large number of cytoplasm, functional organelles, and intracellular pathogens (innate immune / cellular defense mechanisms), and is therefore critical to maintain cell homeostasis.
The complete membrane-bound form of autophagosomes containing microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3β (LC3-II) is the gold standard marker for detecting autophagosome accumulation and thereby altering macroautophagy. We have detected LC3-II in human and mouse tissue samples by immunohistochemistry, and we believe this will be a useful tool for those wishing to conduct in vitro autophagy studies.
Fig.2 Immunohistochemical detection of LC3 in human and mouse embryonic fibroblasts. (Ryan K. M., et al)
Autophagy Marker Antibodies
We provide autophagy marker antibodies against APG5L / ATG5, ATG16L1, ATG4B, ATG9A, Beclin 1 and LC3B. These clones are specifically selected for high performance in various applications, allowing our clients to easily select the optimal marker antibody for your research.
Among them, microtubule-associated proteins 1A / 1B light chain 3A / LC3A and 3B / LC3B (MAP1LC3A / B) are ubiquitin-like proteins used as reliable markers for monitoring autophagy. Here, we detected LC3-I and LC3-II in wild-type and atg-knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts by Western blot.
Fig.3 WB of LC3 in wild-type and atg-/- MEFs. (Ryan K. M., et al)
For more detailed information about our antibodies, please feel free to contact us.
