ACE Specific Neutra™ Antibody Products
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Are you currently facing challenges in accurately detecting and quantifying Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) in complex biological matrices, or struggling to develop highly sensitive immunoassays for cardiovascular research and disease diagnostics? Our ACE Specific Antibody Products from Creative Biolabs help you achieve precise and reliable ACE detection, enabling robust research into its physiological roles and pathological implications through advanced immunoassay tools and high-specificity antibodies.
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Introduction of ACE
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE), also known as kininase II, is a crucial zinc metalloprotease that plays a central role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance within the body. It is a key component of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS), a complex hormonal system vital for cardiovascular and renal homeostasis.
Structurally, ACE exists in two primary isoforms: somatic ACE (sACE), found ubiquitously in endothelial cells, epithelial cells, and macrophages, and germinal ACE (gACE), found exclusively in male reproductive tissues. Somatic ACE is a large, two-domain protein, with each domain possessing an active catalytic site. ACE's principal role involves catalyzing angiotensin I (decapeptide) into angiotensin II, a biologically active octapeptide vasoconstrictor. Concurrently, ACE inactivates bradykinin, a powerful vasodilator, thereby contributing to increased blood pressure. This dual action makes ACE a critical regulator of vascular tone and electrolyte balance.
Fig. 1 Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE-secretase.1,3
ACE activity imbalance contributes to multiple disorders, like hypertension, a key cardiovascular risk factor. Heightened ACE function elevates angiotensin II generation while diminishing bradykinin, causing vasoconstriction, fluid accumulation, and myocardial structural changes. Thus, ACE inhibitors are commonly administered therapeutics for controlling hypertension, cardiac insufficiency, and diabetic kidney disease. Apart from its canonical function in the RAS, new studies emphasize angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), an ACE homolog. Contrasting ACE, ACE2 chiefly transforms angiotensin II into angiotensin (1-7), a vasodilatory protective peptide. ACE2 additionally functions as the principal entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2, the COVID-19-causing virus, highlighting its wider physiological and pathological significance. Deciphering the complex equilibrium and interaction between ACE and ACE2 is vital for progressing research in cardiovascular wellness, renal performance, and infectious pathologies.
Antibodies Against ACE
Antibodies specifically targeting Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) are indispensable tools for a broad spectrum of research, diagnostic, and potentially therapeutic applications. These antibodies are developed to bind with high affinity and specificity to the ACE molecule, allowing for its precise detection, quantification, and characterization in various biological samples.
Fig. 2 The domain structure of ACE2 and collectrin.2,3
Applications of ACE Specific Antibodies:
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Immunocytochemistry (ICC): These applications allow for the visualization of ACE expression and localization within tissues and cells, providing critical insights into its distribution in healthy and diseased states.
- Western Blotting (WB): Used for the detection and quantification of ACE protein levels in cell lysates and tissue homogenates, facilitating studies on protein expression and post-translational modifications.
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA): ACE antibodies are central to developing highly sensitive and specific ELISA kits for the quantitative measurement of soluble ACE in serum, plasma, and other biological fluids, which is vital for clinical diagnostics and biomarker discovery.
- Flow Cytometry (FCM): Permits assessment of ACE surface expression on cells, facilitating identification and profiling of ACE-expressing specific cell subsets.
- Immunoprecipitation (IP): Useful for isolating ACE from complex protein mixtures to study its interacting partners or for subsequent analysis.
- Functional Studies: Certain ACE antibodies can be used to modulate ACE activity, either by inhibiting its enzymatic function or by interfering with its binding to substrates, providing tools for functional assays.
Why Choose Us?
Creative Biolabs’ ACE Specific Antibody Products are rigorously validated across multiple species, including human, mouse, rat, bovine, and canine, ensuring broad applicability and reliable results across diverse research models. Our ACE Specific Antibody Products are designed to provide you with superior tools for your research and diagnostic needs.
Key advantages of collaborating with Creative Biolabs:
- Unwavering Scientific Excellence: Our foundation is built on decades of specialized expertise in biological sciences, ensuring cutting-edge technology and rigorous scientific approaches.
- Superior Specificity and Sensitivity: Our ACE Specific Antibody Products offer unparalleled specificity and sensitivity, crucial for obtaining accurate and reliable results in research and clinical settings.
- Advanced Protein Engineering: We leverage state-of-the-art protein engineering techniques to design and optimize antibodies for optimal performance and minimal cross-reactivity.
- Stringent Quality Control: Every antibody undergoes rigorous quality control processes, ensuring the highest standards of purity, consistency, and functionality. This includes verification by relative expression and cell treatment to confirm specificity.
- Accurate and Reliable Results: Our commitment to quality translates directly into highly accurate and reliable data for your projects, minimizing variability and maximizing confidence in your findings.
- Proven Track Record: With numerous successful projects and published data, Creative Biolabs has consistently delivered high-quality antibody solutions that empower groundbreaking research.
FAQs
Q: What are the primary applications for these antibodies in cardiovascular research?
A: These antibodies are highly versatile for cardiovascular research, enabling precise detection and quantification of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) in various tissues and biofluids. They are commonly used in Western Blotting to assess protein expression, in Immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorescence for cellular localization studies within cardiac and vascular tissues, and in ELISA-based assays for measuring circulating ACE levels, which can be indicative of cardiovascular health or disease progression.
Q: How do these antibodies help differentiate between ACE and its homolog ACE2?
A: Our antibodies are meticulously developed and validated to ensure high specificity for ACE, with minimal or no cross-reactivity to ACE2. This is achieved through careful antigen selection and rigorous screening processes, which include testing against both ACE and ACE2 proteins. This specificity is crucial for researchers needing to distinguish the distinct roles of these two enzymes in the Renin-Angiotensin System and in diseases like COVID-19.
Q: Can these antibodies be used for functional studies, such as blocking ACE activity?
A: While primarily designed for detection and quantification, some of our ACE antibodies may possess neutralizing properties that can inhibit ACE enzymatic activity. Researchers interested in functional blocking studies should inquire about specific antibody clones validated for such applications. These antibodies can be valuable tools for investigating the physiological consequences of ACE inhibition in cellular or animal models.
Q: What types of samples are compatible with these ACE antibodies?
A: Our ACE antibodies are validated for use with a broad range of biological samples, including human, mouse, and rat tissues (e.g., lung, kidney, heart, brain), cell lysates, and biological fluids such as serum, plasma, and urine. Optimal sample preparation protocols are provided to ensure the best performance across different sample types and applications.
Q: What are the advantages of using antibody-based detection for ACE compared to activity assays?
A: Antibody-based detection provides direct measurement of the ACE protein, offering insights into its expression levels and localization, which may not always correlate directly with enzymatic activity. While activity assays measure the functional capacity of the enzyme, antibody-based methods offer high specificity, sensitivity, and throughput, making them ideal for screening, biomarker identification, and detailed protein characterization. Combining both approaches can provide a comprehensive understanding of ACE's role.
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REFERENCES
- Le, Duc et al. “Two Opposing Functions of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) That Links Hypertension, Dementia, and Aging.” International journal of molecular sciences vol. 22,24 13178. 7 Dec. 2021, DOI:10.3390/ijms222413178.
- Descamps, Géraldine et al. “ACE2 Protein Landscape in the Head and Neck Region: The Conundrum of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.” Biology vol. 9,8 235. 18 Aug. 2020, DOI:10.3390/biology9080235.
- Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification.
