AFB1 Specific Neutra™ Antibody Products

Aflatoxin, specifically aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), is a highly carcinogenic mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. It is widely recognized as one of the most potent carcinogens known, with significant harmful effects on human and animal health. The impact of AFB1 varies among different species, with studies indicating that some species, such as mice and monkeys, which appear to be more susceptible to the effects of AFB1. AFB1 is commonly found in various food products such as peanuts, corn, cottonseed, nuts, and animal feed. Its heat stability further complicates matters as it remains intact during food processing, increasing the likelihood of contamination.

Fig.1 The chemical structure of AFB1.¹

Metabolism and Carcinogenesis of AFB1

The parent compound of AFB1 remains non-carcinogenic until metabolized. Once in the bloodstream, AFB1 undergoes activation primarily through the cytochrome P450 system, a phase I metabolizing enzyme found in hepatocytes. This metabolic process involves a sequence of hydroxylation, demethylation, epoxidation, and hydration reactions, ultimately producing the highly toxic and potent carcinogenic AFB1-8,9-epoxide. This compound consists of two stereoisomers, exo and endo. The exo-8,9-epoxide exhibits a strong affinity for DNA, forming AFB1-N7-Gua adducts that can instigate DNA mutations and cellular harm. Concurrently, AFB1 metabolism generates significant amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and inflammation, exacerbating liver damage. AFB1 exposure has been proven to be significantly associated with the occurrence and progression of liver cancer, lung cancer, and colon cancer.

Fig.2 Schematic representation of AFB1 metabolism.¹

Antibodies for AFB1 Assay

In the realm of analytical methods for FAB1, a mycotoxin posing significant risks to food safety, various techniques such as thin-layer chromatography (TLC), immunoaffinity chromatography (IAC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ultra-pressure chromatography (UHPLC), and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have been employed. Among these methods, antibody-based IAC stands out for its numerous advantages, making it well-suited for swift AFB1 detection in food production settings. The primary strengths include:

• High sensitivity enables the identification of minute concentrations of the target substance.
• Rapid detection speed ensures quick results, enhancing production efficiency.
• Application versatility allows for the analysis of various food samples like grains, dairy products, meat, etc.

The efficacy of anti-AFB1 monoclonal antibodies in terms of specificity and sensitivity has been well-documented, showcasing their potential in monitoring AFB1 in cereal samples.

Creative Biolabs is dedicated to delivering top-notch recombinant anti-AFB1 neutralizing antibody products to our global clientele. Our antibody products are specifically designed for the accurate detection of AFB1 through various assays such as ELISA, neutralization and Inhibition assays.

REFERENCE

1. Marchese, Silvia, et al. "Aflatoxin B1 and M1: Biological properties and their involvement in cancer development." Toxins 10.6 (2018): 214. Distributed under open access license CC BY 4.0, without modification.