ALPP Specific Neutra™ Antibody Products

Alkaline phosphatase, placental type, or ALPP, is an enzyme encoded by the human ALPP gene. It belongs to the family of alkaline phosphatases, which are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphate esters in an alkaline environment. In addition to other tissues like the liver, kidney, and bone, ALPP is predominantly expressed in the placenta.

Its Gene ID is 250, UniProtKB ID is P05187, and OMIM ID is 171800.

ALPP Pathway and Functions

One of the important pathways is the Wnt/β-catenin signaling system, where it has been demonstrated that ALPP may affect the condition of β-catenin, an essential part of the process linked to tissue formation and cell proliferation. Thus, ALPP plays crucial roles in various physiological processes, including:

• Bone Mineralization: ALPP is essential for the mineralization of bone matrix by regulating phosphate levels.
• Placental Development: ALPP facilitates nutrient transport and fetal development during pregnancy.
• Liver Function: ALPP is involved in bile formation and lipid metabolism in the liver.

The levels of transcription, translation, and post-translational regulation of ALPP activity are closely regulated by multiple factors. Growth factors, cytokines, and hormones are a few examples of the factors that affect ALPP activity and expression.

Fig.1 Human breast cancer cells cultured with an osteogenic cocktail have the expression and enzyme activity of ALPP.¹

Significance of ALPP

• Clinical Significance: ALPP levels are commonly measured in clinical settings as a marker of liver and bone diseases. Abnormal ALPP levels may indicate conditions such as liver dysfunction, bone disorders, or pregnancy complications.
• Pharmacological Target: ALPP inhibitors have been explored as potential therapeutic agents for conditions associated with abnormal ALPP activity, such as osteoporosis and certain types of cancer.
• Genetic Variants: Mutations in the ALPP gene can lead to inherited disorders, such as hypophosphatasia, characterized by defective bone mineralization and other skeletal abnormalities.
• Interactions: ALPP may interact with other proteins and enzymes within cellular pathways, influencing various biological processes beyond its direct catalytic activity.

Applications of ALPP Antibodies

• Research and Diagnostics:
  
  • Used to detect and quantify ALPP levels in biological samples.
  • Applied in the detection and monitoring of disorders like hypophosphatasia and some types of cancer.
• Immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorescence:
  
  • Visualizing ALPP expression patterns in tissues.
  • Providing insights into its physiological and pathological roles.

Continuing investigations employing ALPP antibodies seek to clarify the molecular mechanisms that govern ALPP function and its relevance to health and disease. This encompasses examinations into ALPP regulation, substrate specificity, and its potential as a target. Creative Biolabs can provide antibody products for diverse research endeavors.

REFERENCE

1. Fushimi, Atsushi, et al. "Osteogenic cocktail induces calcifications in human breast cancer cell line via placental alkaline phosphatase expression." Scientific reports 10.1 (2020): 12669. Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0. The image was modified by revising the title.