FIPV S Specific Neutra™ Antibody Products

Are you confronting challenges in feline coronavirus research, such as inefficient viral neutralization or lack of validated reagents? Creative Biolabs' FIPV S specific Neutra™ antibody products utilize advanced recombinant protein design and high-throughput screening to help you develop potent neutralizing antibodies that effectively block viral entry, accelerating your vaccine and therapeutic discovery.

Introduction to FIPV S Glycoprotein

The Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus Spike (FIPV S) glycoprotein is a critical surface protein responsible for mediating host cell entry of this lethal feline coronavirus. This type I transmembrane protein facilitates viral attachment to host cell receptors and subsequent membrane fusion, making it the primary target for neutralizing antibody responses and a central focus for therapeutic intervention against this devastating disease.

• Structure

The FIPV S glycoprotein exists as a trimeric class I fusion protein. Each monomer is composed of two functional subunits: S1, which contains the receptor-binding domain (RBD) responsible for engaging the feline aminopeptidase N (fAPN) receptor, and S2, which mediates the fusion of the viral and host cell membranes. The protein undergoes significant conformational changes during the infection process, with proteolytic cleavage activating its fusogenic potential. The prefusion trimeric structure is metastable, and the RBD can dynamically shift between "up" and "down" conformations to evade immune surveillance while maintaining receptor affinity.

Fig.1 Structure of FIPV S.^1,3

• Signaling Pathway

The primary signaling pathway implicated following FIPV S glycoprotein engagement is linked to viral entry and the host immune response. Binding to the fAPN receptor facilitates viral internalization. Subsequently, the fusion event triggers various intracellular signaling cascades, including those associated with stress response and inflammation, such as the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. These pathways contribute to the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which plays a central role in the immunopathology of the disease, leading to the characteristic granulomatous lesions.

• Disease

Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a severe, immune-mediated, and almost invariably fatal disease in domestic and wild cats. It manifests in effusive ("wet") and non-effusive ("dry") forms, both characterized by systemic pyogranulomatous vasculitis and serositis. The disease progression is rapid, and despite its origin from a common feline enteric coronavirus (FECV), the mutation-driven emergence of FIPV leads to a systemic macrophage-associated infection with a high mortality rate, particularly in young cats.

Fig.2 Schematic representation of FIPV entry strategy.^2,3

Application of Anti-FIPV S Neutralizing Antibody

• Therapeutic Passive Immunization

Anti-FIPV S neutralizing antibodies are deployed in therapeutic strategies for passive immunization. Administered to infected cats, these antibodies directly bind circulating virus particles, opsonizing them for clearance and blocking cellular entry. This approach can reduce viral load, mitigate clinical symptoms, and provide immediate, short-term immunity, offering a potential intervention for this fatal disease.

• Vaccine Efficacy Evaluation

These neutralizing antibodies serve as critical positive controls and standardized reagents for assessing vaccine immunogenicity. They are used in virus neutralization tests to quantify the potency of vaccine-elicited immune responses in preclinical models. This application is vital for benchmarking new vaccine candidates and ensuring they induce a robust, protective antibody response against the FIPV S glycoprotein.

Our Anti-FIPV S Antibodies

Antibodies targeting the FIPV S glycoprotein are engineered to neutralize viral infectivity with high precision. These monoclonal antibodies are meticulously selected for their ability to bind key antigenic sites on the S1 subunit, particularly the receptor-binding motif (RBM), thereby sterically hindering the interaction with fAPN. Additional neutralizing antibodies target the S2 subunit, effectively preventing the conformational rearrangements required for membrane fusion. Creative Biolabs' antibody development process emphasizes the isolation of clones that demonstrate potent virus-neutralizing activity in vitro, providing researchers with critical tools for dissecting viral entry mechanisms and developing passive immunization strategies.

Creative Biolabs provides highly specific FIPV S Neutra™ antibodies, crucial for your feline antiviral research and therapeutic development. Contact our scientific team to request comprehensive validation data and discuss how our antibodies can be integrated into your specific project.

REFERENCES

1. Jaimes, Javier A., et al. "A tale of two viruses: the distinct spike glycoproteins of feline coronaviruses." Viruses 12.1 (2020): 83. https://doi.org/10.3390/v12010083
2. Takano, Tomomi, Yumeho Wakayama, and Tomoyoshi Doki. "Endocytic pathway of feline coronavirus for cell entry: differences in serotype-dependent viral entry pathway." Pathogens 8.4 (2019): 300. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8040300
3. Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification.