IL5 Specific Neutra™ Antibody Products

Interleukin 5 (IL5) is a cytokine primarily produced by activated T cells, particularly Th2 cells, mast cells, and eosinophils. It is a homodimeric glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 50 to 60 kDa. IL5 plays a crucial role in regulating eosinophil maturation and activation. It also promotes the recruitment of eosinophils to sites of inflammation, particularly in allergic reactions and parasitic infections. Additionally, IL5 stimulates B cell production and increases immunoglobulin secretion, enhancing immunoglobulin class switching to IgA and IgE. Its role in eosinophil-mediated inflammation makes IL5 an important therapeutic target in diseases such as asthma and eosinophilic disorders.

IL5-Mediated Signal Transduction

IL5 mediates signaling transduction through a receptor complex primarily composed of the IL5 receptor alpha subunit (IL5Rα) and the common beta subunit (βc). The α subunit is specific for the IL5 molecule, whereas the βc subunit is shared with receptors for IL-3 and GM-CSF. Upon IL5 binding, the receptor complex undergoes conformational changes, leading to rapid tyrosine phosphorylation activation of various cellular proteins, including JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK. Activation of JAK2 results in the phosphorylation of STAT5, which translocates to the nucleus and regulates gene transcription involved in eosinophil proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Additionally, PI3K/Akt pathway activation contributes to eosinophil survival and activation. MAPK pathway activation leads to the generation of inflammatory mediators.

Fig.1 Molecular mechanisms of action of IL-5 on eosinophils.¹

IL5 and Eosinophil-Mediated Inflammation

IL5 is intricately involved in eosinophil-mediated inflammation, contributing to the pathogenesis of various diseases. Study finds asthma patients show massive eosinophil infiltration in the airways. In asthma, IL5 stimulates eosinophilic airway inflammation, which causes bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling. Eosinophils recruited by IL5 exacerbate tissue damage in eosinophilic esophagitis, promoting epithelial injury and fibrosis. In hypereosinophilic syndromes, IL5 drives excessive eosinophil production and tissue infiltration, causing organ damage. Additionally, IL5 plays a role in allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis by orchestrating eosinophilic infiltration and tissue inflammation.

Antibodies Targeting IL5

Monoclonal antibody-based biologics to inhibit IL5 show promising efficacy in eosinophilia-related diseases. These antibodies typically bind to IL5, preventing its interaction with IL5 receptors and blocking downstream signaling pathways. Research progress has shown promising results, with IL5 antibodies demonstrating efficacy in reducing eosinophil levels, improving lung function, and reducing exacerbations in asthma patients. In eosinophilic disorders, IL5 antibodies have shown efficacy in reducing eosinophil counts, ameliorating symptoms, and preventing tissue damage. There are currently three FDA-approved anti-IL5 therapy agents on the market, all with outstanding safety and effectiveness profiles and a beneficial impact on reducing asthma exacerbations and related healthcare usage.

Fig.2 IL-5 pathway inhibition by antibodies targeting IL5.²

Creative Biolabs offers more than twenty kinds of anti-IL5 antibody products including recombinant antibodies and neutralizing antibodies. These antibodies are recombinantly expressed and can be employed in sixteen different applications including ELISA, Flow cytometry, etc.

REFERENCES

1. Pelaia, Corrado, et al. "Interleukin-5 in the pathophysiology of severe asthma." Frontiers in physiology 10 (2019): 1514. Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification.
2. Massey, Oliver William, and Cenk Suphioglu. "Taking a breather: advances in interleukin 5 inhibition for asthma relief." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23.19 (2022): 11166. Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0. The image was modified by extracting and using only part of the original image.