Norovirus VP1 Specific Neutra™ Antibody Products

Are you grappling with prolonged drug discovery timelines or challenges in generating robust neutralizing antibodies against norovirus? Creative Biolabs' norovirus VP1-specific Neutra™ antibody products leverage advanced recombinant protein engineering and high-throughput epitope mapping to accelerate the development of precise antiviral therapies and reliable diagnostic tools for norovirus-related research.

Introduction to Norovirus Capsid Protein VP1

The norovirus capsid protein VP1 is the primary structural component of the viral particle, critical for host cell entry and immune evasion. As the major antigenic determinant, VP1 drives viral assembly, receptor binding, and antibody recognition. Its genetic diversity across Norovirus genotypes presents significant challenges for developing cross-reactive therapeutics, making VP1 a focal target for diagnostics and vaccine design.

• Basic Information

Norovirus VP1 is a ~58 kDa protein encoded by the ORF2 gene, expressed during viral replication. It self-assembles into virus-like particles (VLPs) that mimic native virions structurally and antigenically. VP1 is highly immunogenic, with dominant epitopes localized to its protruding (P) domain, making it indispensable for antibody-mediated neutralization studies.

• Structural Insights

VP1 comprises two domains: the shell (S) domain forms the icosahedral capsid scaffold, while the P domain mediates receptor binding. Structural studies reveal that the P domain dimerizes to form arch-like structures, exposing histo-blood group antigen (HBGA)-binding interfaces critical for host cell attachment. Cryo-EM analyses have identified conformational epitopes within the P domain that are targeted by neutralizing antibodies, providing a roadmap for rational antibody design.

Fig.1 Norovirus VP1 structure.^1,3

• Related Signaling Pathways

Norovirus entry relies on interactions between VP1 and host HBGA receptors, triggering endocytosis. This process activates PI3K/Akt signaling to promote viral internalization and disrupts interferon (IFN) pathways to suppress antiviral responses. Antibodies targeting VP1 block receptor binding, inhibit endosomal acidification, and restore IFN-mediated innate immunity, underscoring their therapeutic potential.

Fig.2 Role of VP1 in the process of norovirus entry and replication.^2,3

• Associated Diseases

Norovirus is the most common cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide, responsible for 20% of all cases. Infections are marked by severe vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration, particularly in pediatric, elderly, and immunocompromised populations. Outbreaks occur in closed communities (e.g., hospitals, cruise ships), highlighting the urgent need for rapid diagnostics and preventive therapies.

Applications of Anti-Norovirus VP1 Neutralizing Antibodies

• Preclinical Antiviral Drug Development

Anti-VP1 antibodies serve as critical tools for screening small-molecule inhibitors or biologics that disrupt VP1-receptor interactions. Neutralization assays using VLPs enable rapid evaluation of candidate drugs' efficacy.

• Vaccine Candidate Validation

VP1-specific antibodies act as positive controls in vaccine studies to quantify neutralizing antibody titers in immunized subjects. They also aid in epitope mapping to optimize VLP-based vaccine designs.

• Rapid Diagnostic Assays

High-affinity anti-VP1 antibodies power point-of-care lateral flow assays and ELISAs for detecting Norovirus in clinical samples, reducing outbreak response times.

• Passive Immunotherapy Strategies

Monoclonal anti-VP1 antibodies are being explored for prophylactic use in high-risk populations (e.g., healthcare workers) to prevent infection during outbreaks.

Our Anti-Norovirus VP1 Antibodies

Creative Biolabs provides highly precise norovirus VP1-specific Neutra™ antibodies for researchers working on antiviral medication development, diagnostics, and vaccine design. Engineered for high specificity and neutralization potency, these antibodies are validated across diverse applications, from structural virology to clinical testing. Our anti-norovirus VP1 antibodies are designed to target conserved neutralizing epitopes within the VP1 P domain. Validated via plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNTs), these antibodies exhibit cross-genotype reactivity and sub-nanomolar affinity. Key features include:

- High Specificity: Minimal cross-reactivity with non-target viral proteins.

- Functional Neutralization: Block HBGA binding and prevent viral entry in in vitro and in vivo models.

- Versatile Applications: Optimized for ELISA, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and VLP-based vaccine development.

Contact our team today to discuss your project needs and request product specifications.

REFERENCES

1. Winder, Natalie, Sara Gohar, and Munitta Muthana. "Norovirus: an overview of virology and preventative measures." Viruses 14.12 (2022): 2811. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14122811
2. Chen, JunLi, et al. "Advances in human norovirus research: Vaccines, genotype distribution and antiviral strategies." Virus Research 350 (2024): 199486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199486
3. Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification.