PVRL4 Specific Neutra™ Antibody Products

PVRL4, also known as nectin cell adhesion molecule 4 (Nectin-4), belongs to the nectin protein family. The extracellular form is detected in both breast cancer patients and cell lines. Conditions linked with PVRL4 comprise ectodermal dysplasia-syndactyly syndrome 1 and ectodermal dysplasia. Its associated pathways include adhesion and cell junction organization.

Its Gene ID: 81607, UniProtKB ID: Q96NY8, and OMIM ID: 609607.

PVRL4 Pathway

PVRL4 exhibits specific upregulation in diverse tumor types, playing pivotal roles in tumorigenesis and progression. Its heightened expression characterizes osteosarcoma tissues and cells, correlating closely with tumor staging and metastasis. Moreover, PVRL4 fosters osteosarcoma advancement and metastasis by instigating the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway via miR-520c-3p mediation. Functioning as an oncogene, PVRL4 drives osteosarcoma progression and metastasis by downregulating miR-520c-3p, offering a promising therapeutic target for enhancing patient outcomes. Therapeutically, targeting PVRL4 holds potential for treating osteosarcoma.

Fig. 1 Nectin-4 (PVRL4) orchestrates epithelial-mesenchymal transition via miR-520c-3p-mediated PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.^{1, 4}

Unveiling the Role of Anti-PVRL4 Antibodies in Tumor Pathogenesis

PVRL4 exhibits elevated expression levels across various tumor cell types, facilitating tumor growth and proliferation. Solid tumors characterized by heightened PVRL4 expression encompass pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and gastric cancer, among others. PVRL4 has been implicated in driving tumor cell differentiation, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway, thereby assuming a pivotal role in cancer pathogenesis and metastasis. This research backdrop has prompted the emergence of antibody studies targeting PVRL4.

• Anti-PVRL4 Monoclonal Antibody as a Tumor Marker

Canine lung cancer metastasis typically carries a bleak prognosis, lacking effective therapeutic options. An innovative approach utilizing a recombinant measles virus, targeting PVRL4, the recently identified tumor marker, is engineered to lose affinity for the primary receptor SLAM, thereby attenuating virulence. This strategy demonstrates antitumor efficacy against PVRL4-positive canine breast cancer and bladder transitional cell carcinoma cells. The identification of PVRL4 as a tumor marker underscores its significance, with anti-PVRL4 monoclonal antibody serving as a pivotal indicator for tumor treatment research.

Fig. 2 Nectin-4 (PVRL4) expression and rMV-SLAMblind infection in canine lung cancer cells.^{2, 4}

• Pursuing Targeted PVRL4 Approaches as a Promising Route for Innovative Angiosarcoma Treatments

Angiosarcoma, a seldom encountered and perilous soft tissue sarcoma characterized by malignant endothelial cells, primarily manifests within the dermal layers. Elevated levels of PVRL4 are observed in malignancies, facilitating the advancement of tumors. Consequently, PVRL4 emerges as a promising focal point for innovative cancer therapies. Through the utilization of a rabbit-derived primary antibody targeting human PVRL4, different immunohistochemical patterns of PVRL4 emerge across 74 tissue specimens sourced from individuals afflicted with angiosarcoma. Furthermore, angiosarcoma cells exhibit heightened PVRL4 expression in contrast to their normal endothelial counterparts. Perturbation of PVRL4 expression inhibits the proliferative and angiogenic capacities of angiosarcoma cells, with indications of involvement of the Src kinase signaling pathway in PVRL4 functionality, albeit partially. Thus, the pursuit of PVRL4-targeted interventions represents a prospective avenue for the development of pioneering therapies against angiosarcoma.

Fig. 3 Nectin-4 (PVRL4) expression in angiosarcoma.^{3, 4}

Creative Biolabs offers research-grade anti-PVRL4 antibody products tailored for investigating therapies aimed at cancers, including osteosarcoma. Our distinguished clientele can also access customized PVRL4-based functional antibodies capable of blocking or neutralizing activity.

REFERENCES

1. Liu, Yongheng, et al. "Nectin-4 promotes osteosarcoma progression and metastasis through activating PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling by down-regulation of miR-520c-3p." Cancer Cell International 22.1 (2022): 252.
2. Tamura, Kei, et al. "Anti-tumor activity of a recombinant measles virus against canine lung cancer cells." Scientific Reports 13.1 (2023): 18168.
3. Tanaka, Yuka, et al. "Nectin cell adhesion molecule 4 regulates angiogenesis through Src signaling and serves as a novel therapeutic target in angiosarcoma." Scientific reports 12.1 (2022): 4031.
4. Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification.