VACV D13 Specific Neutra™ Antibody Products

Are you currently facing challenges in your poxvirus research? Such as difficulties in accurately targeting Vaccinia virus (VACV) D13, inconsistent assay results, or a lack of reliable tools? Creative Biolabs' VACV D13 Specific Neutra™ Antibody Products help you achieve precise and reliable results in your research by providing high-affinity, validated antibodies that enable accurate detection and functional analysis of VACV D13.

Introduction to VACV D13

Vaccinia virus D13 (VACV D13) presents a pivotal proteinaceous element indispensable for poxvirus infectivity. Specifically, it functions as the principal structural constituent of the immature virion (IV) scaffold. As a result, this protein plays a pivotal role in orchestrating the assembly of the viral particle. Perhaps, the structural integrity of the IV scaffold, governed by D13, directly dictates the subsequent maturation and infectivity of the virion. Therefore, precise comprehension of D13's functional dynamics is paramount.

Structure

On the viral membrane, trimers formed by the D13 protein assemble into a honeycomb-like lattice. This structural peculiarity differentiates poxvirus assembly from that of other large DNA viruses. Cryo-EM studies have resolved the high-resolution structural architecture governing D13 trimer assembly intermediates, establishing that displacement of the N-terminal α-helix is a prerequisite for initiating self-assembly.

Fig. 1 VACV D13 structure.^{1, 3}

Related Signaling Pathways

While D13's primary function is structural, its involvement in viral assembly indirectly impacts various signaling pathways within the host cell. Through its role in promoting viral replication, D13 enhances the virus's capacity to influence host immune response mechanisms.

Fig. 2 Interplay between host anti-viral DNA sensing and viral antagonism by VACV. ^{2, 3}

Pathologies

VACV acts as the live attenuated virus vaccine pivotal in the global eradication of smallpox. Consequently, the significance of comprehending D13's functional involvement in VACV infection cannot be overstated.

Antibodies Against D13

Antibodies targeting VACV D13 can have significant implications for research and potential therapeutic applications.

• Precisely detect and quantify D13 protein levels.
• Study the dynamics of viral assembly.
• Investigate the functional role of D13 in the viral life cycle.
• Develop assays for vaccine efficacy.

Application of Anti-VACV D13 Antibody

Studying Viral Assembly Mechanisms

Anti-D13 antibodies serve as indispensable reagents for the detailed examination of the intricate poxvirus assembly process.

• Immunofluorescence microscopy: To visualize the localization and distribution of D13 during different stages of infection.
• Electron microscopy: Employed to investigate the ultrastructural intricacies of D13 assembly and the morphogenetic development of virions.
• Co-immunoprecipitation: To identify D13-interacting proteins and map protein-protein interaction networks.

Developing Diagnostic Assays

• Rapid detection: Enabling early diagnosis of infections, which is critical for timely intervention and disease control.
• Serological studies: Measuring D13-specific antibody levels in patient samples to assess immune responses to infection or vaccination.
• Vaccine development: Assessing vaccine efficacy through the quantification of D13-specific neutralizing antibody production.

Creative Biolabs offers high specificity and affinity VACV D13 Specific Neutra™ Antibody Products. Our antibodies can be tailored for use in various assay formats, including Western blotting, flow cytometry and ELISA. These antibodies are designed for stringent research needs in poxvirus biology, vaccine development, and antiviral therapies.

REFERENCES

1. Hyun, Jaekyung, et al. "Assembly mechanism of the pleomorphic immature poxvirus scaffold." Nature Communications 13.1 (2022): 1704. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-29305-5
2. El-Jesr, Misbah, Muad Teir, and Carlos Maluquer de Motes. "Vaccinia virus activation and antagonism of cytosolic DNA sensing." Frontiers in Immunology 11 (2020): 568412. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.568412
3. Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification.