| Description | This recombinant human antibody (clone 4) is against the Ig-like domain of human TREM2. It binds an epitope on the TREM2 domain distal to the putative ligand-binding site. |
| Clonality | Monoclonal |
| Host Species | Human |
| Target Species | Human |
| Immunogen | A TREM2 antigen comprising the Ig domain of human TREM2 (His19-Asp131) biotinylated on a C-terminal Avi tag |
| Epitope | C-C' loop in TREM2 |
| Affinity | KD = 1 nM |
| Function | Forms a receptor signaling complex with TYROBP which mediates signaling and cell activation following ligand binding (PubMed: 10799849). Acts as a receptor for amyloid-beta protein 42, a cleavage product of the amyloid-beta precursor protein APP, and mediates its uptake and degradation by microglia (PubMed: 27477018, PubMed: 29518356). Binding to amyloid-beta 42 mediates microglial activation, proliferation, migration, apoptosis and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL6R and CCL3, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine ARG1. Acts as a receptor for lipoprotein particles such as LDL, VLDL, and HDL and for apolipoproteins such as APOA1, APOA2, APOB, APOE, APOE2, APOE3, APOE4, and CLU and enhances their uptake in microglia (PubMed: 27477018). Binds phospholipids (preferably anionic lipids) such as phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and sphingomyelin (PubMed: 29794134). Regulates microglial proliferation by acting as an upstream regulator of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling cascade. Required for microglial phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons (PubMed: 24990881). Also required for microglial activation and phagocytosis of myelin debris after neuronal injury and of neuronal synapses during synapse elimination in the developing brain. Regulates microglial chemotaxis and process outgrowth, and also the microglial response to oxidative stress and lipopolysaccharide. It suppresses PI3K and NF-kappa-B signaling in response to lipopolysaccharide; thus promoting phagocytosis, suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide production, inhibiting apoptosis and increasing expression of IL10 and TGFB. During oxidative stress, it promotes anti-apoptotic NF-kappa-B signaling and ERK signaling. Plays a role in microglial MTOR activation and metabolism. Regulates age-related changes in microglial numbers (PubMed: 29752066). Triggers activation of the immune responses in macrophages and dendritic cells (PubMed: 10799849). Mediates cytokine-induced formation of multinucleated giant cells which are formed by the fusion of macrophages. In dendritic cells, it mediates up-regulation of chemokine receptor CCR7 and dendritic cell maturation and survival (PubMed: 11602640). Involved in the positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation (PubMed: 12925681). |
| Isotype | Human IgG |
| Expression Species | HEK293F or CHO cell line |
| Conjugation | Unconjugated |
| Purity | >95% |
| Endotoxin | <1 EU/mg |
| Form | Liquid |
| Purification | Protein A purified |
| Sterility | 0.2 μM filtered |
| Formulation | PBS, pH 7.4 |
| Preservation | No preservatives |
| Stabilizer | No stabilizers |
| Storage | Store at 4°C within a week. For longer storage, aliquot and store at -20°C. |
| Application | ELISA; IF |
| Application Notes | The binding specificity of this antibody to TREM2 was analyzed by ELISA. This antibody (10 μg/mL) significantly reduced shedding of sTREM2 by 22% and 38% |
| ELISA | Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Protocol |
| WB | Western Blot Protocol |
| FC | Flow Cytometry Protocol |
| Post Translational Modification | Undergoes ectodomain shedding through proteolytic cleavage by ADAM10 and ADAM17 to produce a transmembrane segment, the TREM2 C-terminal fragment (TREM2-CTF), which is subsequently cleaved by gamma-secretase. |
