CD28 Specific NeutraTM Antibody Products
Product listCD28 molecule (CD28), also known as TP44, is a single-pass membrane glycoprotein overexpressed in CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T cells. CD28 reacts with the co-stimulatory ligands B7-1 and B7-2 on antigen-presenting cells. CD28 is essential for the regulation of T cell immune responses.
Its Gene ID: 940, UniProtKB ID: P10747, and OMIM ID: 186760.
Mechanisms
CD28 plays an important role in T-cell activation and cytokine production. T cells are activated by the binding of CD28 to B7-1/B7-2 when TCRs bind to cognate antigens. Activated T cells begin to display CTLA4 or PD1 on the cell surface. CTLA4 then binds to B7-1 and B7-2 molecules instead of CD28, while PD1 binds to PDL1/2 on APCs, promoting anergy and exhaustion in lymphoid and peripheral tissues, respectively. The B7/CD28 pathway could be applied to regulate immune responses.
Fig.1 Mechanisms of T cell activation and regulation with CD28.1
Clinical Significance of CD28
There is a correlation between the expression of CD28 and the degree of malignancy development in patients with lung cancer and organ transplantation. CD28 expression in primary tumor tissue was significantly different from normal tissue and is associated with earlier TNM stage and fewer lymph node metastases. It is proposed as a detection target for the prognosis of cancer treatment response.
Fig.2 The role of CD28 in the prognosis of lung cancer.2
REFERENCES
- Waldman, Alex D., Jill M. Fritz, and Michael J. Lenardo. "A guide to cancer immunotherapy: from T cell basic science to clinical practice." Nature Reviews Immunology 20.11 (2020): 651-668.
- Sun, Dantong, et al. "The role of CD28 in the prognosis of young lung adenocarcinoma patients." Bmc Cancer 20 (2020): 1-11.
