HIV Env Specific Neutra™ Antibody Products

HIV Env protein serves as the surface glycoprotein of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), crucial for facilitating the virus's entry into host cells. This protein, encoded by the env gene, exists initially as a 160 kDa precursor protein (gp160), forming a large multimeric structure. Following translation, gp160 undergoes post-translational modifications and traffics to the cell surface through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus. En route, gp160 is cleaved into two distinct subunits: gp120 and gp41. Upon synthesis in the ER, the HIV-1 Env protein traverses the Golgi apparatus before ultimately reaching the cytoplasmic membrane, where it associates with the HIV-1 Gag protein to assemble infectious progeny virus particles. Alternatively, Env proteins may opt to divert into the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), where they interact with FIP1C and Rab14 to reach sites of particle assembly on the cytoplasmic membrane. This process is depicted in Fig.1.

Fig.1 Mechanism for Env protein to reach virus particles.^{1, 3}

HIV-1 Env Neutralizing Antibodies

A significant hurdle in the development of the HIV-1 vaccine is the immense diversity of viral genome sequences. Neutralizing antibody (NAbs) therapy has attracted widespread attention as one of the most promising alternatives. Effective antibody neutralization requires the binding of anti-HIV-1 antibodies to functional spikes on the Env trimer, which facilitates the entry of HIV-1 into target cells.

Fig.2 The known spectrum of NAbs targets.^{2, 3}

Application of HIV-1 Env NAbs

• Passive Immunization

Passive immunization, as an alternative approach to vaccine development, is being investigated as a potential therapy for both treating and preventing HIV-1 infection. Second-generation broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) with increased potency and broader activity have sparked renewed interest in passive immunization.

• Gene Transfer Therapy

To address the challenges of passive immunization, gene transfer technology is emerging as an attractive strategy for delivering anti-HIV-1 bNAb genes to hosts. A particularly promising approach is vectored immunoprophylaxis (VIP), a novel gene replacement method that enables in vivo delivery of bNAb genes through a single injection of an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector.

Creative Biolabs provides a diverse range of anti-HIV Env antibody products, each recombinantly expressed to ensure high specificity and efficacy. These antibodies are suitable for various applications. If you would like further details or wish to discuss your needs, please don't hesitate to get in touch with us. We are dedicated to assisting your research and development endeavors with top-notch products and outstanding customer service.

REFERENCES

1. Beitari, Saina, et al. "HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein at the interface of host restriction and virus evasion." Viruses 11.4 (2019): 311.
2. Ding, Chengchao, et al. "Employing broadly neutralizing antibodies as a human immunodeficiency virus prophylactic & therapeutic application." Frontiers in Immunology 12 (2021): 697683.
3. Under open access license CC BY 4.0, without modification.