IL21 Specific Neutra™ Antibody Products

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Interleukin 21 (IL21), also known as Za11 or CVID11, is a crucial cytokine. IL21 effectively regulates the proliferation, differentiation, and effector functions of a variety of cells, such as B cells, T cells, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells. Current data suggest that IL21 has a dual role in immune responses, with both promoting and suppressing immune responses. Thus, the biological functions of IL21 in the immune system are complex. Recently, the role of IL21 in cancer therapy has gradually become a focus. By inhibiting IL21/IL21R-mediated signaling pathways, anti-IL21 neutralizing antibodies can be used as potential therapeutic agents for autoimmune diseases.

Its Gene ID: 59067, UniProtKB ID: Q9HBE4, and OMIM ID: 605384.

IL21 Signaling Pathway

IL21 has been reported to act as a key regulator in the activation of multiple signal transduction pathways, including PI 3 kinase (PI3K), the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway as well as MAP kinase (MAPK) pathway. Notably, STAT1 serves as a critical regulator in IL21 gene expression. Furthermore, the MAPK and PI3K pathways are beneficial for IL21 proliferation.

Fig.1 Signaling pathway of IL21.¹

Functions of IL21

IL21 has been reported to have regulatory effects on various cell types. IL21 can regulate B cell proliferation and apoptosis in an environment-dependent manner. What's more, IL21 plays an essential role in promoting immunoglobulin production and isotype switching. Additionally, IL21 signaling contributes to enhanced natural killer cell cytotoxicity. Recently, it is reported that IL21 is closely linked to helper T (Th) cell differentiation. In addition, macrophage function is also controlled by IL21 signaling.

IL21 and Disease

IL21 signaling is closely linked to multiple autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), chronic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as well as type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, IL21 may be a key factor in controlling inflammatory bowel disease. IL21 also plays a key role in persistent viral infections.

Fig.2 Major biological actions of IL21.²

Characterization of IL21 Neutralizing Antibodies

The pivotal role of IL21 in humoral and cellular immunity offers great promise for the treatment of diseases characterized by overproduction of IL21 autoantibodies. The IL21/IL21R interaction can be efficiently disrupted by antibodies targeting IL21 or IL21R, which inhibits subsequent downstream signaling.

Creative Biolabs is committed to providing diversified specific IL21 antibodies and neutralizing antibodies to customers around the world, aiming to provide key assistance for your projects. Please contact us for more product information.

REFERENCES

Repici, Alberto, et al. "Interleukin-21 Influences Glioblastoma Course: Biological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential." Cells 12.18 (2023): 2284.
Leonard, Warren J., and Chi-Keung Wan. "IL-21 signaling in immunity." F1000Research 5 (2016).

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